1. Classification according to processing temperature
Forgings can be divided into cold forging, warm forging and hot forging according to the temperature of the blank in the processing process. Cold forging is generally performed at room temperature, while hot forging is performed at temperatures above the recrystallization temperature of the metal billet.
2. Classification by structure
The forging process and die design are obviously different due to the complexity of forging geometry. Defining the type of forging structure is a necessary prerequisite for process design. In the industry, general forgings are divided into 3 categories, each category is subdivided into 3 groups, a total of 9 groups.
Forging can use the pressure applied to a metal blank to deform it and change its mechanical properties. The looseness of metal can be eliminated by forging. Hole, which can improve the mechanical properties of the forgings. Dalian forgings have the following uses:
① General industrial forgings refer to machine tool manufacturing, agricultural machinery, agricultural tool manufacturing, bearing industry and other civil industries.
② Forgings for hydraulic generator, such as spindle and intermediate shaft.
③ Forgings for thermal power station, such as rotor, impeller, guard ring spindle, etc.
(4) Metallurgical machinery, such as cold rolling, hot rolling, herringbone gear shaft, etc.
⑤ Forgings are used for pressure vessels, such as cylinder, kettle flange, sealing head.
⑥ Marine forgings, such as crankshaft, tail shaft, rudder rod, thrust shaft, intermediate shaft, etc.
⑦ Forging machinery and equipment, such as hammer head, hammer rod, hydraulic press column, cylinder block, shaft press column, cylinder block, etc.
⑧ Module forgings, mainly hot die forging hammer forging die.
⑨ Forgings for automotive industry, such as left and right knuckle, front beam, coupler, etc. According to statistics, in the automobile, forgings account for 80% of its mass.
⑩ Forgings such as axles, wheels, leaf springs and crankshafts are used for locomotives. According to statistics, the forging in the locomotive accounts for 60% of its mass.
Military forgings are used, such as door bodies, latch supports, traction rings, etc. According to statistics, in a tank, forgings account for 65% of its mass.